The Biden administration early this week approved the construction of the largest wind-power farm in the United States, more than 170 giant turbines to be built roughly 27 miles off the coast of Virginia Beach, Va.<\/p>\n
Dominion Energy\u2019s The wind-power industry\u2019s cheers were quickly muffled, however.<\/p>\n A day after the Virginia news, Danish concern \u00d8rsted \u00d8rsted\u2019s David Hardy, who leads its Americas operations, blamed \u201chigh inflation, rising interest rates and supply-chain bottlenecks\u201d in a statement. \u00d8rsted is now reviewing its entire U.S. wind portfolio, the company said.<\/p>\n Related:<\/strong> Shares in world\u2019s biggest offshore wind developer plunge to fresh low after taking $4 billion hit on U.S. projects<\/p>\n Because renewable-energy projects are capital-intensive as they\u2019re built from scratch, the industry had taken advantage of historically rock-bottom interest rates to build out wind (as well as solar) farms, at least in areas like traditional fossil-fuel-giant <\/p>\n \n \u201c<\/span>Blame \u2018high inflation, rising interest rates and supply-chain bottlenecks\u2019 for abandoned New Jersey wind-power plans.\u201d<\/span>\n <\/p>\n Now, the Federal Reserve has been raising interest rates, increasing the cost of borrowing without significantly reigning in inflation. And that inflation is making the cost of inputs to build wind turbines, including steel, more expensive.<\/p>\n \u00d8rsted officials on a call said they\u2019ve also struggled to secure the large ocean vessels needed to carry turbines. <\/p>\n \u201cUnexpected high interest rates coupled with supply-chain delays have made it challenging for pre-pandemic contracts to pencil out in today\u2019s\u00a0world,\u201d Doug O\u2019Malley, director of Environment New Jersey, part of the Environment America federation, told MarketWatch.<\/p>\n \u201cOur hope is that industry and government officials\u00a0can overcome these short-term obstacles and\u00a0keep America on track to harness the clean, renewable, unlimited power the wind offers every day,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n Biden, early in his first term, announced a goal of installing 30 gigawatts of offshore wind power by 2030, enough to power 10 million homes and prevent the spewing of 78 million metric tons of carbon-dioxide emissions. Those emissions warm the atmosphere and contribute to more deadly storms, coastal erosion and more. <\/p>\n U.S. offshore wind has been helped along by nearly $8 billion in investments since Biden signed his signature, climate-heavy Inflation Reduction Act a little over a year ago.<\/p>\n Read:<\/strong> Climate winners and losers as the Inflation Reduction Act hits 1-year anniversary <\/p>\n Biden\u2019s team has projected that the U.S. could install 110 gigawatts of offshore wind power by 2050, a major jump considering there is less than 1 gigawatt installed today.\u00a0Land-based wind farms across the U.S. already produce more than\u00a0140 gigawatts\u00a0of energy, contributing to about 10% of the nation\u2019s\u00a0energy portfolio.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \n \u201c<\/span>\u2018Unexpected high interest rates, coupled with supply-chain delays, have made it challenging for pre-pandemic [wind-turbine] contracts to pencil out in today\u2019s\u00a0 world.\u2019 \u201d<\/span>\n <\/p>\n For sure, at least when measured by announced plans and pledges, the country has been barreling toward its offshore goal.<\/p>\n To date, the Department of the Interior has approved four New England-based projects that, together with the new Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind project, promise to deliver 5 gigawatts of electricity, enough to power 1.75 million homes with average power use. A total of more than\u00a051 gigawatts\u00a0of wind power capacity is in the works off U.S. shores and the most ambitious 10 coastal states have combined offshore wind goals of generating more than 81 gigawatts.\u00a0Exploration of Pacific Coast wind power continues as well, but even costlier floating farms rather than the East Coast\u2019s anchored turbines, will be needed because of the sharp dropoff for the Pacific Ocean\u2019s floor near California.<\/p>\n For the private sector, which has investors to answer to, short-term pain may force them to rethink longer-term wind-energy goals. Some companies invest in the creation of wind and solar farms, but also have interest in natural gas and oil. And their patience can be tried.<\/p>\n \u201cReturns on offshore wind are becoming more and more challenged,\u201d\u00a0Shell\u00a0CEO Wael Sawan told\u00a0Barron\u2019s\u00a0over the summer just days after a Shell joint venture quit a renewable power contract in Massachusetts.<\/p>\n Traditional energy concerns BP What\u2019s more, the health of the alternative-energy market hinges in large part on utilities\u2019 willingness to sign contracts for long-term purchases of wind and solar. The utilities may also be investors in the power sources. All told, they tend to view the total costs of renewable power in making decisions, including comparable electricity rates on top of capital spending, and may slip back into favoring traditional-energy sources at the whim of market swings. <\/p>\n This math is known as the levelized cost of electricity, or LCOE, explained here. But as a rough example, a 2020\u00a0analysis\u00a0from the International Energy Agency shows that a 5% rise in interest rates would increase the levelized cost of electricity from a natural gas plant marginally while it could increase the cost of electricity from wind and solar by a third.<\/p>\n For wind-sector advocates, it\u2019s the volatility of energy prices that should encourage more U.S.-based alternatives. Fossil-fuel prices are expected to remain volatile in the years and decades to come as geopolitical tensions over energy continue. More than half of new electricity demand through 2025 is expected to be met by low-carbon sources, according to a\u00a0report\u00a0from the International Energy Agency.<\/p>\n The Clean Energy Buyers Association\u00a0tracked\u00a0nearly 150 deals in 2022 from large corporations making long-term agreements to buy renewable energy to power their operations. Those deals add up to nearly 17 gigawatts of renewable energy, enough to power approximately 12 million homes.<\/p>\n Jason Ryan, a spokesperson for American Clean Power, stressed to MarketWatch the contradiction of industry developments this week, which he deemed \u201cboth highs and lows for the U.S. offshore wind industry.\u201d<\/p>\n For instance, over just a few recent days, a final investment decision was announced for New England\u2019s Revolution Wind, another \u00d8rsted project in part. Construction continued\u202fon\u202fVineyard Wind 1, near Nantucket in Massachusetts, and at South Fork Wind off New York,\u202fand permitting is being finalized on the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind Project.<\/p>\n \u201cWhile the news out of New Jersey is a disappointment, our industry continues to show its resilience and the path ahead for the clean energy transition remains promising,\u201d he said. \u201cThe news is also a reminder that we need strong partnerships with government and stakeholders, now more than ever.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\n D,
\n
\n \u00a0Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind project, supplemented by federal dollars, is expected to be completed in 2026 and at full operation, can produce enough electricity to power 660,000 nearby homes on shore. That energy source would bolster and eventually replace the mostly natural gas-powered
\n NG00,
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\n electricity that is contributing to costly climate change.<\/p>\n
\n ORSTED,
\n
\n the world\u2019s largest offshore wind-farm developer, abandoned two U.S. projects in New Jersey in a sudden reversal that surprised state officials. <\/p>\n
\n CL00,
\n
\n Texas, where windy days are prominent. Increasingly for the U.S., funding has flowed for major offshore wind farms that could play a pivotal role in electricity for the heavily populated coasts. <\/p>\n
\n \u2014 \u00d8rsted\u2019s David Hardy<\/span>
\n <\/small><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\nA setback to 30 gigawatts by 2030?<\/h2>\n
\n \u2014 Doug O\u2019Malley, the New Jersey state director for Environment America<\/span>
\n <\/small><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\nInvestments are \u2018more and more challenged\u2019<\/h2>\n
\n BP,
\n
\n and Equinor
\n EQNR,
\n
\n \u00a0this week said they have to write down the value of offshore wind developments in New York by a collective $840 million after failing to secure more attractive pricing from state officials. The companies are so far sticking with the projects. <\/p>\nLong-term agreements<\/h2>\n